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Today in US Political History
On March 11th
1824 - The U.S. War Department created the Bureau of Indian
Affairs. A lifelong friend and trusted aide of Ulysses S. Grant, Ely Parker rose
to the top in two worlds, that of his native Seneca Indian tribe and the white
man's world at large. He went on to become the first Indian to lead the Bureau.
1850 - The Pennsylvania legislature passed an act to incorporate
the Female Medical College of Pennsylvania, the first regular medical school for
women in America.
1861 - The Confederate convention in Montgomery, Ala., adopted a
constitution.
1862 - President Lincoln suspended General George McClellan from
command of all the Union armies so that McClellan could concentrate on the Army
of the Potomac and Richmond.
1863 - Union troops under General Ulysses S. Grant gave up their
preparations to take Vicksburg after failing to pass Fort Pemberton, north of
Vicksburg.
1941 - President Roosevelt authorized the Lend-Lease Act and signed
into law the Lend-Lease Bill, providing war supplies to countries fighting the
Axis.
1954 - The U.S. Army charged that Wisconsin Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy
and his subcommittee's chief counsel, Roy Cohn, had exerted pressure to obtain
favored treatment for Pvt. G. David Schine, a former consultant to the
subcommittee. The confrontation culminated in the famous Senate Army-McCarthy
hearings.
1958 - A B-47 out of Hunter AFB in Savannah, Georgia, had just
leveled off at 15,000 feet, when a bomb lock failed and dropped a nuclear bomb
on Mars Bluff, South Carolina. The bomb was a 26 kiloton Mark 6, a more powerful version of the "Fat Man" nuclear bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki at the end of WWII. The weapons explosives detonated on impact, but the nuclear payload of the bomb did not. Chickens were reportedly the only casualties.
1965 - The Rev. James J. Reeb (65), a white minister from Boston,
died after whites beat him during civil rights disturbances in Selma, Ala.
1973 - An FBI agent was shot at the Wounded Knee standoff in South Dakota. On February 25, 1973 the U.S. Department of Justice sent out 50 U.S. Marshals to
the Pine Ridge Reservation to be available in the case of a civil disturbance. On February 28, 1973 the 200 Oglala Lakota and
followers of the American Indian Movement (AIM) occupied the town of Wounded Knee, South Dakota on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.
The protest followed the failure of their effort to impeach the elected
tribal president Richard Wilson, whom they accused
of corruption and abuse of opponents; they also protested the United States
government's failure to fulfill treaties with Indian peoples and demanded the
reopening of treaty negotiations.
1980 - In Laos US Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. "Dick"
Etchberger (35) used an M-16 and a radio to call in air strikes and
single-handedly held off the attackers until helicopters arrived at Lima site
85. After climbing into the chopper behind the others, Etchberger was fatally
wounded when enemy fire struck the aircraft. The others in the helicopter made
it to safety. In 2010 President Barack Obama posthumously recognized Etchberger
for service "beyond the call of duty" by giving him the nation's highest
military award, the Medal of Honor.
1986 - The state of Georgia pardoned Leo Frank, a Jewish
businessman who had been lynched in 1915 for the murder of 13-year-old Mary
Phagan.
1988 - President Reagan directed that actions be taken to suspend trade
preferences available to Panama under the Generalized System of Preferences
(GSP) and the Caribbean Basin Initiative.
1993 - North Korea withdrew from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation
Treaty in a harsh rebuff of Western demands to open suspected nuclear weapons
development sites for inspection. It later suspended its withdrawal.
1995 - President Clinton nominated Deputy Defense Secretary John
Deutch to be CIA director
1997 - In a startling turnaround, Senate Republicans agreed to a
broader investigation of campaign financing that would include a look at huge
"soft money" donations.
1998 - A Florida appeals court restored Joe Carollo as mayor of
Miami after charges of voter fraud on absentee ballots.
1999 - The House voted 219-191 to conditionally support President
Clinton's plan to send U.S. troops to Kosovo if a peace agreement was reached.
2002 - At the White House President Bush outlined a “second stage of
the war on terror” in an address that marked the 6-months since the Sep 11
terrorist attacks. Bush also unveiled a commemorative stamp to raise money to
help Sept. 11 victims "get their lives back in order."
2009 - President Obama issued Executive Order 13506: Establishing a White House Council on Women and Girls
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